Open Science Repository Physics

doi: 10.7392/openaccess.45011850

Positive Energy, Negative Energy, Energy-Momentum Tensor and Negative Charge of Gravitational Field

Hui Peng

ORCID 0000-0002-1844-3163

Abstract

The issues, such as the negative energy density of the gravito-static field and the lack of an energy-momentum tensor in General Relativity (GR), have a long history. To provide possible resolutions for these issues, based on the U (1) gauge theory of gravity, the gravito-static and gravito-magnetic field lines are introduced for the positive/negative gravitational charge and current, respectively. It is shown that the direction of gravitational force acting on a negative gravitational charge is opposite to that of the gravitational field. Then we show that positive energy is stored in the gravitational field and that the exchanged energy between the gravitational field and gravitational charges/currents is always positive. The energy-momentum tensor，T_g^μν，of the vector gravitational field is introduced and has the following physical properties: (1) symmetric, T_g^μν= T_g^νμ; (2) positive energy density, T_g^00>0; (3) zero trace, T_gμ^μ=0; (4) conserved, (∂T_gν^μ)/(∂x_μ )=0; (5) localizable.

Keywords: positive and negative potential energy, energy-momentum tensor, negative gravitational charge, gravitational field line, Gravitodynamics.

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APA

Peng, H. (2016). Positive Energy, Negative Energy, Energy-Momentum Tensor and Negative Charge of Gravitational Field. Open Science Repository Physics, Online(open-access), e45011850. doi:10.7392/openaccess.45011850

MLA

Peng, Hui. “Positive Energy, Negative Energy, Energy-Momentum Tensor and Negative Charge of Gravitational Field.” Open Science Repository Physics Online.open-access (2016): e45011850. Web. 30 Mar. 2016.

Chicago

Peng, Hui. “Positive Energy, Negative Energy, Energy-Momentum Tensor and Negative Charge of Gravitational Field.” Open Science Repository Physics Online, no. open-access (March 30, 2016): e45011850. doi:10.7392/openaccess.45011850.

Harvard

Peng, H., 2016. Positive Energy, Negative Energy, Energy-Momentum Tensor and Negative Charge of Gravitational Field. Open Science Repository Physics, Online(open-access), p.e45011850. Available at: http://www.open-science-repository.com/physics-45011850.html.

Science

1. H. Peng, Positive Energy, Negative Energy, Energy-Momentum Tensor and Negative Charge of Gravitational Field, Open Sci. Repos. Phys. Online, e45011850 (2016).

Nature

1. Peng, H. Positive Energy, Negative Energy, Energy-Momentum Tensor and Negative Charge of Gravitational Field. Open Sci. Repos. Phys. Online, e45011850 (2016).

doi

Research registered in the DOI resolution system as: 10.7392/openaccess.45011850.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.